Habitat
Breeds in wet deciduous thickets, especially those dominated by willows and in disturbed and early successional habitats (Dunn and Garrett 1997). Shrubby riparian areas along rivers, streams, lakes, marshes, muskegs, and wetlands are of particular importance (Campbell et al. 2001, Alexander et al. 2003). In B.C., breeds from sea level to 900 m on the coast and from 330 to 1,450 m elevation in the interior (Campbell et al. 2001).
References
Alexander, S. A., F. I. Doyle, C. D. Ecker, H. Grünberg, N. L. Hughes, M. Jensen, I. Johnson, D. H. Mossop, W. A. Nixon, and P. H. Sinclair. 2003. Birds of the Yukon Territory (P. H. Sinclair, W. A. Nixon, C. D. Eckert, and N. L. Hughes, eds.). UBC Press, Vancouver, B.C.
Campbell, R. W., N. K. Dawe, I. McTaggart-Cowan, J. M. Cooper, G. W. Kaiser, A. C. Stewart, and M. C. E. McNall. 2001. The Birds of British Columbia. Volume 4. Passerines: wood-warblers through Old World sparrows. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver. 739 pages.
Dunn, J. L., and K. L. Garrett. 1997. A field guide to warblers of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
