Habitat
Breeds in tundra or tundra-forest transition areas near freshwater lakes, pools, bogs, and marshes, streams, or on marine or riverine islands with freshwater (Hilden and Vuolanto 1972, Reynolds 1987). Found in heath covered slopes above willow-alder zone on Y-K Delta (Cramp and Simmons 1983); and in areas with water, low relief, a high percentage of grass, and a low percentage of shrubs near Prudhoe Bay (Rodrigues 1994).
References
Cramp, S. and K. E. L. Simmons, eds. 1983. The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 3. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Hilden, O. and S. Vuolanto. 1972. Breeding biology of the Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus in Finland. Ornis Fenn. 49:57-85.
Reynolds, J. D. 1987. Mating system and nesting biology of the Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus: What constrains polyandry? Ibis 129:225-242.
Rodrigues, R. 1994. Microhabitat variables influencing nest-site selection by tundra birds. Ecological Applications 4:110-116.
