Habitat
In the Yukon, this species has been found in or near lodgepole pine forests, old burned areas, open mixed forests, and in wetlands (Alexander et al. 2003). Additionally, in B.C., these birds are found breeding in logged and slash burned coastal forests, open ponderosa pine forests, grassland habitat of the interior, sand and gravel habitat associated with marine and fluvial beaches, spits, bars, and rocky bluffs or outcroppings. Less frequently used breeding habitats include farmland, construction sites, openings in regenerating forests, coastal island meadows, and urban areas. It has been reported breeding from sea level to 1,250 m elevation in B.C. (Campbell et al. 1990).
References
Alexander, S. A., F. I. Doyle, C. D. Ecker, H. Grünberg, N. L. Hughes, M. Jensen, I. Johnson, D. H. Mossop, W. A. Nixon, and P. H. Sinclair. 2003. Birds of the Yukon Territory (P. H. Sinclair, W. A. Nixon, C. D. Eckert, and N. L. Hughes, eds.). UBC Press, Vancouver, B.C.
Campbell, R. W., N. K. Dawe, I. McTaggart-Cowan, J. M. Cooper, G. W. Kaiser, and M. C. E. McNall. 1990. The Birds of British Columbia. Vol. 1 and 2, Nonpasserines. UBC Press, Vancouver, B.C.
