Habitat
Alder and willow thickets, usually in moist areas (Armstrong 2008). In BC, found breeding at elevations ranging from 340 to 1300 m. Breeding habitat typically consists of shrub thickets and stands of young deciduous trees, usually in close proximity to water, such as lakes, ponds, rivers, floodplains, creeks, swamps, marshes, and sewage lagoons and usually in close to willow, alder, black cottonwood, poplar, and trembling aspen. Four to 8 yr old regenerating cuts preferred nesting sites (Campbell et al. 1997).
References
Armstrong, R. H. 2008. Guide to the birds of Alaska. 5th edition. Alaska Northwest Books, Anchorage, AK. 360 pp.
Campbell, R. W., N. K. Dawe, I. McTaggart-Cowan, J. M. Cooper, G. W. Kaiser, M. C. E. McNall, and G. E.
J. Smith. 1997. The Birds of British Columbia. Volume 3. Passerines: flycatchers through vireos. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver. 693 pages.
